Reference: Abbott, Richard. Analysis and Design of Composite and Metallic Flight Vehicle Structures 3 Edition, 2019

Notes: In general, the plastic bending shape factor can be expressed using the following expressions:

Where the plastic bending shape factor is constant for a cross section is expressed as a constant value. The expression for the plastic bending shape factor is also adapted to give the correct centroid distance where appropriate. The Radius of Gyration is not given in this table as it can be calculated for all shapes about either axis using the expression: